Romanica Wratislaviensia

Présentation

Elżbieta Skibińska — 2024-10-29

La traductologie canadienne : ancrage européen, tropisme anglo-américain

Annie Brisset — 2024-10-29

History and politics account for the development of Translation Studies in Canada. In 1969 when the Official Languages Act compels the Canadian government to communicate both in French and English to restore the rights of the francophone minority, translators are in short supply. Translation thus becomes an academic discipline. An inventory of Canadian books on translation published during the ensuing fifty years (1970–2020) brings to light two main stages in the evolution of translation research. During the first two decades (1970s–1980s), didactics and terminology development figure prominently. At the crossroads of European and American poststructuralist works, Canadian translation criticism emerged at the turn of the1990s. By setting itself in the descriptive, target-oriented paradigm (Tel Aviv-Louvain school of thought), it broke away from the hermeneutic-poetic paradigm epitomized by Meschonnic. Feeding upon French Theory (Bourdieu, Derrida, Foucault) and Cultural Studies (Bhabha, Spivak), the main underpinnings of American postcolonialist scholarship, it aggregated around cross-cultural objects of study, with the concept of translation now extending to the interaction of cultures. Sociological approaches to translation represent the second most important research area. Today, these approaches are superseded by new complex, interdisciplinary models. Attention is shifting towards espistemology while digital supports and new practices bring about new theoretical queries, new technological tools, and didactic models. Finally, with facts and figures in hand, we question the status of Translation Studies in French in a globalized editorial environment, where English reigns supreme.

L’art du portrait du traducteur dans l’espace francographe : deux recueils et une histoire des traductions

Marzena Chrobak — 2024-10-29

The author studies the art of composing a translator’s portrait, a genre present in the francophone area since 1963 (E. Cary, Les grands traducteurs français). The texts analyzed are two anthologies directed by J. Delisle : Portraits de traducteurs, 1999, Portraits de traductrices, 2022, and the Histoire des traductions en langue française, XXe siècle directed by B. Banoun et al., 2019. The main components of a good portrait are : an interesting model, an intelligent structure, an objective and well documented content, a concise and eloquent style, a multifunctional title, an explanation of connections between an individual destiny and historical determinations, arousing and satisfying curiosity in the reader.

La critique d’expression française et la traduction de la poésie

Tania Collani — 2024-10-29

The translation of poetry stands out as a particular practice within translation, due to the complexity of the source text. As a metaphorical and emotional genre, poetry imposes a number of constraints on its translators: an edition with the original text, a translator who is a poet or who is sensitive to poetry, and a reflection on literature and language (rhythm, metrics, versification, rhyme, verse). This study will analyse what French-speaking critics have written about the translation of poetry in the last half-century, since the rise of translation studies: Béguin, Bensimon, Berman, Birkan-Berz, Bonnefoy, Deguy, Etkind, Jaccottet, Jakobson, Ladmiral, Lombez, Meschonnic, Roubaud, Roud, Scotto, Tsvetaieva, Vischer. In conclusion, we will make a proposal for the treatment of poetry as realia.

La présence de la théorie d’Antoine Berman dans les écrits traductologiques polonais vue à travers le prisme de trois revues de traduction choisies

Kaja Gostkowska — 2024-10-29

This study is in line with research projects on the international circulation of knowledge and the role of translation in the transmission of knowledge from one scientific and linguistic community to another. In this article, we propose to trace the presence of the theory of Antoine Berman, a French translator and theorist of translation, in theoretical writings related to translation in Poland. By means of a scientometric method, we analyse all the references to Berman made by Polish theorists of translation of different backgrounds (different universities, working languages, fields of research) in their scientific articles published in three journals: Między Oryginałem a Przekładem, Przekładaniec and Rocznik Przekładoznawczy. Our aim is to study the way in which Berman’s thought emerges, functions and circulates in the texts in question, and to emphasize the role of translation in the transmission of Berman’s theory among Polish scholars.

Capital symbolique, consécration et marché des retraductions de littérature française en langue hongroise entre 2000 et 2020

Adrienn Gulyás — 2024-10-29

This study discusses retranslations of French prose and drama into Hungarian between 2000 and 2020, in a Bourdieusian framework, using mixed methods, based on data provided by the National Library of Hungary. The results show that retranslations constitute 1.26% of the French corpus, i.e. 31 records out of 2452, with a very clear preference for retranslations of narrative works, mostly novels, that are no longer protected by copyright. Although they represent a highly limited and fragmented market, Hungarian retranslations of French literature increase the publishers’ and translators’ symbolic capital and have been on the rise since 2010.

Les enjeux de la citation dans deux préfaces métatraductives d’André Gide

Joanna Jakubowska — 2024-10-29

André Gide was very attached to the question of translation, both as an attentive reader of foreign authors and as a translator himself. He shared his translational observations in numerous writings, two of which we have chosen as the subject of our analysis. These are the foreword to Pushkin’s La Dame de Pique retranslation (1923) and the foreword to Shakespeare’s Théâtre published in French by Gallimard in 1938. In a comparative approach drawing on the methods of enunciative analysis, we study the modalities and stakes of the quotation in the two texts in order to show the evolution in the way Gide constructed his enunciative position and point of view.

La retraduction, ou l’historicité des traductions : un élan francophone ?

Enrico Monti — 2024-10-29

Our paper aims to revisit retranslation studies through a few key figures from the French-speaking world. Interestingly enough, almost all the major figures in francophone translation studies have dealt with this topic. Berman opened the way by seeing retranslation as a space for translation’s fulfilment. Meschonnic proclaimed: “as much as I can, I retranslate”. Ballard identified it as one of the constant elements in the history of translation, while Gambier was the first to outline a map of retranslation studies. In the 2010s, retranslation has become a major research topic in translation studies, and francophone translation studies have been a driving force behind it.

Après la révolution : les éditeurs lilliputiens polonais et leur offre dans les années 2016–2020

Natalia Paprocka — 2024-10-29

In the years 2000–2015, sixteen publishers, called the “Lilliputians”, revolutionised the Polish children’s book market by offering innovative works by avant-garde authors and illustrators. Translations, which represented more than two-thirds of their offer, played a crucial role in this process.

In this article, we examine the evolution of these publishers over the next five years (2016– 2020). We seek to identify their position(s) in the Polish publishing field and check whether they have kept their role as innovators. We therefore analyse, in the light of Pierre Bourdieu’s fields theory, the number of books published annually, the proportion of new titles in the catalogues, the preferred original languages in the case of translation, the number of award-winning books and authors, and the number of books whose publication was subsidised.

The results of this study suggest that the position of the Lilliputian publishers in the Polish publishing field and their role have changed, although they have not modified their strategy. One of the reasons for this is the appropriation of their practices by other publishers.

Revisiter les retraductions françaises de « Pan Tadeusz » : autoréflexivité dans les péritextes des (re)traducteurs

Elżbieta Skibińska — 2024-10-29

Among the most important contributions of French thought to translation studies, two themes are indisputable: retranslation, addressed as early as 1990 in the now canonical issue of Palimpsestes, and the role of paratexts of translation. The names of Antoine Berman and Gérard Genette are now an “obligatory element” of the bibliographies of studies that explore different aspects of these two phenomena.

Using recent advances in research on retranslation and the paratexts of translation, the author focuses on the peritexts added by retranslators to their translations of Pan Tadeusz. She shows that these peritexts are a place where the translator’s subjectivity and self-reflexivity are displayed, as manifested by (1) the choice of elements commented on in the encyclopaedic notes and the way these elements are valued in the comments; (2) the number of “self-corrections” or justifications for the techniques used; (3) the passages interpreted by the translator in the footnotes; (4) a strong link between successive translations, in the form of borrowings from previous versions, particularly the first one.

La retraduction : le sort de la conception bermanienne en Finlande

Kristiina Taivalkoski-Shilov — 2024-10-29

The purpose of this article is to examine the impact of Antoine Berman’s theory of retranslation in Finland. The role of Yves Gambier, Andrew Chesterman and Kaisa Koskinen & Outi Paloposki as mediators of Berman’s theory is explored. The close reading of their articles on retranslation from the 1990s and early 2000s shows that they all have contributed to linking Berman to the “retranslation hypothesis” that is nowadays considered a simplification of his complex theory (K. Peeters, P. Van Poucke, « Retranslation, thirty-odd years after Berman », Parallèles 35(1), 2023, pp. 3–27). Furthermore, contrary to what is usually claimed the notorious hypothesis does not originate from Chesterman. Secondly, the study investigates Berman’s influence in Finland by analyzing doctoral dissertations that have examined retranslations. It is concluded that although few Finnish dissertations properly use the Bermanian framework, his influence in Finland has been significant through Koskinen & Paloposki’s studies that have adopted the complex Bermanian framework from the 2010s onwards. Finally, it suggests that Berman’s ideas on the incompleteness of translation and the need for retranslation can also be applied, with modifications, to the study of the transmission of theories.

Traductrices – chercheuses – autrices et l’entre-deux-langues : la spécificité canadienne

Joanna Warmuzińska-Rogóż — 2024-10-29

The article presents the specificity of translation in Canada, taking into account the important role of female translators who are often also researchers. The author aims to show the interpenetration of different activities: translation, research, theoretical reflection and translation practice. In addition, she draws attention to the important issue of choosing the direction of translation. These features are described on the example of a few important figures from the world of translation, including S. de Lotbinière-Harwood, A. Whitfield and L. Saint-Martin. Their achievements have many features in common: an indispensable combination of theory and practice, an important feminist background and an extended vision of translation perceived not only as a transfer, but also as a creative practice.

Le temps, le mouvement et l’immobilité dans les œuvres littéraires et photographiques de Claude Simon

Joanna Kotowska-Miziniak — 2024-10-29

The present paper is the first in the series devoted to the study of the temporal dimension of the literary and photographic works of Claude Simon, Nobel Prize-winning author (1985). It proposes to examine the temporal aspect of movement and immobility, the latter not being considered as the opposite but rather as the superlative of movement, temporarily suspended. The analysis is mainly based on the philosophical theories of Gaston Bachelard and Henri Bergson, as well as the photographic ones written by Siegfried Kracauer and Roland Barthes. Influenced by the formal experiments of the Nouveau Roman, Simon rejects the traditional temporal structure of narrative in favor of Faulkner’s conception of the eternal “present of writing”, which translates at the photographic level where the present is split between the experience of the Operator (the photographer) and the Spectrum (the subject of the photograph). Time frozen in duration loses its progressive character but acquires a certain plasticity. Simon’s works capture the energy of motion and the hidden energy of rest and bring it to an explosive state in a paradoxical synthesis of vertiginous immobility.

Lʼemploi des anglicismes de la mode et les recommandations officielles : étude des usages basée sur des outils linguistiques

Radka Mudrochova — 2024-10-29

Historically, French has been a significant international language, with its influence apparent in global vocabulary borrowings. However, by the latter half of the 20th century, geopolitical shifts saw English assuming the role of the global lingua franca, thereby influencing various languages, including French. The fashion industry vividly displays this shift in French vocabulary. In earlier centuries, French dominated fashion terminology, influencing even Czech with words like “kravata” (cravate) and “bižutérie” (bijouterie). Presently, as English gains dominance in global communication, there is a surge in Anglicisms in French. Designers now frequently use English-based neologisms, believing them to heighten product appeal. France’s advanced linguistic policy, led by the Commission d’enrichissement de la langue française, works to counter this trend by providing native French equivalents, especially in economic, legal, and scientific fields. Interestingly, while Quebec’s linguistic body works in tandem with France’s, there are differences, like the term for “hashtag”: France recommends “mot-dièse” whereas Quebec suggests “mot-clic”. This paper aims to contrast the use of fashion-related Anglicisms and their official recommendations across varied linguistic tools.

Traduire dans un système autoritaire en temps de crise : les représentations des événements polonais de 1980–1981 dans la presse officielle polonaise à destination des lecteurs occidentaux

Regina Solová — 2024-10-29

The aim of this paper is to study the modes of representation of reality in original texts and their translations published under the constraints of an authoritarian regime in times of crisis. The study was based on the presupposition that the description of reality is filtered through the idiosyncrasies of the authors of the original texts and their translations, as well as through the constraints of the source system at a particular moment in its history. The nature of the shifts in representations of reality was tested on the example of sixteen issues of the magazine Polska and their English (Poland) and French (La Pologne) translations, reporting on the Polish events of 1980–1981. The study showed that the three language versions of the magazine Polska, which were supposed to be identical, represented reality in slightly different ways and that these representations were the result of several superimposed subjective visions of their authors, conditioned by various factors such as the speed of change, the lack of temporal distance, the individual attitude to events or the translator’s competence.

Les faux-amis dans les notices lexicales des dictionnaires bilingues au service de l’apprentissage du FLE

Witold Ucherek — 2024-10-29

The article is devoted to lexical notes concerning false friends found in two compact Polish-French and French-Polish general dictionaries that have been commercially available for about fifteen years. In total, 52 text boxes containing these notes, written in Polish, were examined, and their didactic value is undeniable. However, the analysis has shown that when creating this type of note, more attention should be paid to the section of the dictionary in which they should appear, the choice of false friends, as some errors are less likely than others, and the validity of linguistic information.

Circulation des idées en temps de guerre (« Circulations littéraires. Transferts et traductions dans l’Europe en guerre (1939–1945) », Christine Lombez (dir.), Presses universitaires François-Rabelais, Tours 2021)

Joanna Madejczyk — 2024-10-29

La métalexicographie française sous toutes ses coutures (« Cinquante ans de Métalexicographie : bilan et perspectives. Hommage à Jean Pruvost », Danh-Thành Do-Hurinville, Patrick Haillet et Christophe Rey (dir.), Honoré Champion, Paris 2022)

Witold Ucherek — 2024-10-29