Wrocławskie Studia Politologiczne

Media w stosunkach międzynarodowych w epoce nadmiaru informacji

Beata Ociepka — Thu, 12 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The objective of the article is to check the functionality of the leading concepts explaining the role of media in international relations and foreign policy in the fourth era of political communication. The author focuses on the “CNN effect” and “manufacturing consent” concepts to illustrate how the Almond–Lippman consensus was rejected. The study is framed by the idea of globalization of media and uses the cases from the EU (Poland and the Netherlands), the relations with Russia and the recent migration crisis on the Polish–Belarussian border to assess the role and position of media in international relations in the age of information overload. The author concludes that despite the deep mediatization of societies in the 21st century, the governments are able to take charge of the discourses in international communication using their strategic narratives.

Yellow Perils: Pandemic imaginaries and the contest for global power

Graham Murdock — Thu, 12 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The precise origins of COVID-19 may never be established, but the weight of available evidence confirms that, together with the pandemics of 1890 and 1918 and the two most recent coronavirus viruses, SARS and MERS, it has followed a zoonotic path of transmission—from animals to humans. In which case the problem lies with the accelerating clearances of forests and woodlands for cattle ranching and palm oil and soya plantations to service a global food system increasingly organised around meat intensive fast and convenience foods. McDonald’s and KFC may have originated in America, but their brightly lit outlets are now a familiar sight in Chinese cities servicing a shared urban lifestyle that supports the unsustainable consumption that is driving the present climate and environmental emergencies. If this analysis is correct, responsibility for COVID-19 and the likelihood of future coronavirus pandemics lies primarily with the corporations promoting the intensified industrialisation of global agriculture. These companies form a complex agribusiness network connecting US and Chinese enterprises and driving deforestation and habitat destruction across the world. By escalating contacts between displaced species and humans these interventions significantly increase the likelihood of zoonotic transmission. Addressing this threat requires transformative changes to prevailing priorities for global production and consumption. Confronting the embedded cultures of distrust and antagonism generated by successive abrasive encounters between China and the West is an essential step towards recognising that the major perils now facing humanity are universal and in urgent need of a common and collaborative response.

Dyspozycyjny wizerunek Rosji jako wroga w nagłośnieniu incydentu w Cieśninie Kerczeńskiej (2018) przez polskie media

Róża Norström — Thu, 12 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +0200

This paper aims to analyze how the Polish media constructed a dispositional enemy image of Russia during the Kerch Strait Incident. Eighty-seven materials from four daily newspapers and two TV news programs were analyzed using the content analysis method with elements of framing analysis and comparative analysis. The results show that the anti-Russian perspective of the coverage was the result of negative stereotypes and prejudices, and Polish journalists demonized Russia’s actions by referring to historical events and the negative consequences of the Russo–Ukrainian dispute for Poland, such as the military threat from Russia.

Rosyjska dezinformacja zagrożeniem dla polskiej przestrzeni informacyjnej. Studium przypadku: wojna w Ukrainie w 2022 roku

Natalia Góraleczko — Thu, 12 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The Russian Federation had been conducting large-scale disinformation activities even before the 2022 war in Ukraine began. The Kremlin’s message was focused on the development of basic narratives used at the turn of 2013/2014. This basic substructure was updated to match current events. Entitites outside Russia, such as Poland, the EU and NATO are also vulnerable to information attacks. Due to the abundance of diverse information and unlimited availability of sources, recognizing false information is increasingly difficult, which translates into social panic. Unfortunately, protection against false information in Poland remains underdeveloped.

Media i polityka (kontekst polityzacji mediów publicznych w Polsce po 2015 roku)

Lucyna Szot — Thu, 12 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The relationship between the media and politics has always been seen as conflicting. In large public media institutions in Poland basic contradiction can be seen between: impartiality, political interests and citizens right freedom of speech, salary for effectiveness of work or product and for labor time. Polarization field of vision and all those contradictions are in publishing activity itself. The primary research objective is to characterize the relationship between the media and the political sphere in Poland, through the prism of the process of politicization and mediatization, which is both controversial and far ambiguous concept. In addition, an attempt to answer questions about the instrumentalization of public media in Poland after 2015 through the development of propaganda mechanisms, resulting in a threat to political pluralism — taking into account the communicative competence of media audiences. The use of public media for political purposes is a threat to political pluralism. The one-day protest of the commercial media on February 10, 2021, a democratic day, showed what life can be like in Poland with only public media favorable to the authorities. On that day, Poles saw a world in which only pro-government propaganda messages exist. It would be hard to find a more adequate illustration of the importance of the problem of freedom of speech and independence of the media, especially the public media, which should effectively exercise their legally assured autonomy in shaping a pluralistic public sphere. The one-day protest of the independent media on February 10, 2021 showed what life can be like in Poland where there are only public media favoring the authorities. On that day, the Polish people saw a world in which there is only a pro-government propaganda message. It is difficult to find a more adequate illustration of the importance of the problem of freedom of speech and media independence.

Parlamentarna kampania wyborcza w mediach społecznościowych. Analiza aktywności ugrupowań politycznych w 2019 roku

Denis Gerlich — Thu, 12 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The aim of the article is to present an analysis of the activity of political groups in social media — Facebook and Twitter. The article is based on the analysis of content posted on social media in the two weeks leading up to the 2019 parliamentary election. The questions posited in this paper are as follows: which political groups engaged the most on a given social media site? Which political groups demonstrated the most responsive communication? The analysis allowed me to classify political groups into five categories (from inactive to extremely active) depending on their own social media activity and responsive activity.

Proces digitalizacji partii politycznych — w kierunku interdyscyplinarności badań

Michał Jacuński — Thu, 12 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The aim of the article is to address the issue of digitalization of political parties. The transformations in the nature of political parties related to the development of digital technologies require a reconstruction of the way scholars used to study party organizations based on well-established party models. The author points to several research areas and challenges related to the digitalization of parties and proposes to go beyond the narrow single-discipline perspective towards an interdisciplinary perspective.

Wymiar komunikacyjny konfliktu dotyczącego zmian funkcjonowania władzy sądowniczej w Polsce (2016–2021)

Dariusz Skrzypiński — Thu, 12 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +0200

In 2016 the government of the national-conservative Law and Justice party launched a reform of the Polish justice system. In an effort to increase the effectiveness of its operation, the authorities de facto sought to increase the influence of the executive over the judiciary. Two polarized camps (supporters and opponents of the reforms) were thus formed in the political and media landscapes. Various forms of communication played an important role in their activities. The article is devoted to the analysis of the structure of actors and the instruments they used to promote or disavow the proposed changes, influence public opinion and create the image of themselves and their opponents.

Dziennikarstwo według papieża Franciszka

Katarzyna Pokorna-Ignatowicz — Thu, 12 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The aim of the article is a media analysis of Pope Francis’ teaching on contemporary journalism based on the example of his messages for World Communications Day. A hypothesis that the Pope, noticing the problems of the contemporary system of social communication, believes that journalists play a key role in overcoming them, will be proved right. In the messages for World Communications Day the Pope formulates guidelines for journalists regarding their work that are consistent with the concept of quality journalism.

Listy Jerzego Giedroycia i Józefa Łobodowskiego

Iwona Hofman — Thu, 12 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The purpose of this article is to present the importance of the work of Józef Łobodowski for the implementation of the Eastern program of the Paris-based Kultura from an epistolographical perspective. Łobodowski and Giedroyc exchanged 839 letters between 1947 and 1988. They covered various issues, from literary translations, reviews of Ukrainian and Belarusian literature, to cultural journalism. Łobodowski and Giedroyc had similar cultural experiences, and as such they both were acutely aware that achieving a mutual understanding and forging a political partnership between Poland and Ukraine, Lithuania and Belarus had to rooted in knowledge of each other’s history and national aspirations. In 1951 Kultura, considered the most important center of political thought in exile after 1945, published an article by Łobodowski entitled “Against the ghosts of the past”. This article initiated a discussion on the permanence of borders in Eastern Europe after World War II and the need to overcome stereotypes. Based on the reception of this article and the project of the anthology of Belarusian literature, it can be concluded that Łobodowski participated in promoting the assumptions of Kultura among émigrés from the so-called ULB area. His work was important for the realization of the cultural aspect of the Eastern idea.