Górska wędrówka w służbie wychowania „nowego” człowieka w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym

Abstract

Mountain hikes in the service of the education of a “new” man in the interwar period

After the end of the First World War and rebirth of the Polish state, one of the most important objectives in visions of social education was the formation of a lasting system of moral concepts of Poles, a system that was the basis of constructing a “new” citizen. Inspirations for actions undertook by Polish teachers and tutors, which were to bring about a strengthening of values like patriotism, freedom, friendship, tolerance, respect for work, were ideas promoted by national and international organisations, e.g. League of Nations, International League of New Education, Society of Teachers from Schools and Higher Education Institutions, Polish Teachers’ Union or youth organisations of e.g. scouts. Methods of upbringing described in Polish pedagogical literature and applied in practice, which were appreciated by European scholars, included various forms of working with students outside school. These included excursions, trips, hiking camps, also in the mountains. The value of being in the mountains, the effort involved in climbing them, the need to educate a generation of young tourists respecting the natural environment were discussed in guides for tutors, teachers, regional studies specialists, and in the tourist press. The author examines selected publications, primarily tourist press addressed to young readers Orli Lot, Młody Krajoznawca Śląski, Młody Taternik in order to reconstruct the means used to functionalise the topic of mountain hikes in the interwar period.