„Don Carlos Marx”. Studium przypadku rewolucyjnej transgresji tradycjonalizmu w socjalizm w hiszpańskim karlizmie

Abstrakt

„Don Carlos Marx”. Case Study of Revolutional transgression Traditionalism into Socialism in the Spanish Carlism

The theme of this article is the ideological and political transformation of The Carlist Traditional Community Comunión Tradicionalista in Spain of the late 50ties and early 60ties of the 20th century, executed by Prince Carlos Hugo de Borbón Parma and his associates. Until then the carlist movement was an utra-reactionist and ultra-catholic movement aiming at restoring the traditional monarchy, based on ideology of unity of nations creed, legitimism and respect to provincial diversity and privileges fueros, within one common Spanish homeland. As a result of the reformists’ activities carlism transformed into the movement of totally opposite ideas. It transformed into the democratic Carlist Party Partido Carlista and became ultra-leftist, laic and socialist movement demanding the abolition of capitalism by the proletarian revolution. The former traditional motto lema of carlism: „God–Homeland–Old Laws–King” Dios–Patria–Fueros–Rey was replaced with „self-determination–confederation– socialist self-government” autodeterminación–confederación–socialismo autogestionario. The scale and the character of this transformation should be described as the revolution cutting itself off the former rules. The article investigates the reasons for and conditions of this revolution searched for in the facts, ideas and tendencies.