Działalność Delegatury Ambasady RP w Kraju Ałtajskim w latach 1941– 1943

Abstract

Деятельность Представительства Посольства РПв Алтайском крае в 1941–1943 гг.

Тема депортации польских граждан в Советский Союз обсуждается исследовате­лями в разных контекстах. Исследования охватывают, например, повседневную жизнь ссыльных или их отношения с местными жителями и властями. Важным элементом, требующим отдельного рассмотрения, является организация и деятельность польских официальных органов, задачей которых было оказание помощи полякам, находящимся на принудительном поселении в СССР.
Создание Посольства РП в СССР было одной из поворотных точек и истории поль­ского населения в России. Данная статья относится непосредственно к Алтайскому Краю, региону в Западной Сибири, в который направлялись транспорты из бывших вос­точных земель IIРечи Посполитой в феврале и августе 1940 г., а также в 1941 г.
Вопрос о деятельности Представительства польского Посольства в Алтайском крае, в 40-х годах,до сих пор не уточнен. Исследования, проведенные по теме депортации польских граждан в Сибирь в 1940-х годах, позволяют нам изучать вышеуказанные темы. Исследования, в будущем позволят составить полную, общую картину ситуации в кокой находились сосланные в Россию во время 2-й мировой войны.

The activity of the Polish Embassy Delegation in Altai Krai, 1941–1943

The topic of the Polish citizens exiled to the Soviet Union is undertaken by researchers in many different contexts. The scope of the research includes, among others, life situation of the exiles, relations with the local population and authorities. An important turning point in the situation of Polish citizens was the agreement signed on 30 July 1941, between the Polish gov­ernment-in- exile in London and the government of the Soviet Union. The agreement included the provision of joint actions in the fight against the Germans, the restoration of Polish-Soviet diplomatic relations, organizing Polish official structures, which were supposed to help Poles living in the USSR after deportation. Foundation of the Polish Embassy in the Soviet Union was one of the turning points in the fate of the Polish population in Russia. The Delegation of the Polish Embassy in Barnaul was one of the elements of a care network over the Polish citizens. Delegate, Dr. Vladimir Mattoszko, along with employees of the Delegation and the local men of confidence, located throughout almost the entire country, was carrying the widest possible assistance for the Poles. The Delegation in Barnaul, during the period of its activities, expanded its wide network of points with various issues: kindergarten, canteens, an orphanage and houses for disabled, Polish schools, as well as courses of Polish language.
The liquidation of Polish diplomatic missions in 1943 meant to deprive care for Polish citizens in the USSR. In January 1943 Poles were again regarded as Soviet citizens, and opposition to the passporting was punished with imprisonment and repressions. All the points of representatives of the Polish Embassy were liquidated. The same situation happened with the Delegation in Barnaul. Employees of the institutions, as well as men of confidence, were arrested. The care system in Altai Krai was effectively dismantled. The Soviet authorities took over all the institutions, which all were under the aegis of the Embassy. In April of 1943, the relations between Poland and the Soviet Union were officially repudiated.