Powstanie Powszechnej deklaracji praw człowieka. Kontrowersje dotyczące autorstwa i podziału ról w przygotowywaniu i przyjęciu tekstu dokumentu

Abstrakt

The creation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Disputes on authorship and roles of individuals concerning preparation and adopting of the Declaration

The Universal Declaration of Human Right was prepared, revised and finally adopted by many representatives to the United Nations bodies. The study presents the drafting of the Declaration from the perspective of people whose contribution was the most essential. They were members of the Commission of Human Rights and its drafting committee Eleanor Roosevelt, Peng-chun Chang, Charles Malik, René Cassin, the UN Secretariat John P. Humphrey. All of them can be labeled as the authors of the Declaration which seems to be an unnecessary generalisation. The underestimated role of Humphrey and overestimated role of Cassin are presented in detail. The paper concludes that the contribution to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights may be differentiated. Ultimately, the author argues that roles of a sponsor, an initiator, a creator, a redactor, a guard and a reviser can be distinguished.