This paper presents the relationship between Serbs and Poles, basing on The Story of Princess Banjaluka, as well as the result of the earliest cultural and historical contacts of the two Slavic peoples. We will introduce the discovery of the story, the relationship between the nations, possible historical sources of the story, and the author. Also, we will present some information about the eponym ”banialuka,” interesting facts regarding this translation, and translation choices made during the preparation of the book.